Trade Partnership Worldwide, LLC research published by the Government of Canada explores the direct and indirect interactions in U.S.-Canada trade and quantifies the degree to which U.S. and Canadian production, by sector, is integrated across the border. It also quantifies the degree to which the activities of numerous up- and down-stream sectors of the United States and Canada are embodied in final goods and services trade. Published in Trade Policy Research 2007, Dan Ciuriak, ed. (Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs and International Trade, 2008).